Bichir fish also called as Senegal Bichir by most aquarists is used to refer to fish in Polypterus genus; these are freshwater fish from Africa. There are many types of Bichirs, the one you see in the video are Albino Bichir which is captive bred. Polypterus have some interesting characteristics which make these fish interesting to keep in an aquarium.
Natural habitat of these fish are flooded plains, river edges, lakes estuaries etc that occur along the river Nile Basin & other parts of Africa. Long body is perfectly evolved to swim through the shallow waters. Most distinctive character of this fish is that, it can stay out of water for quite sometime as they have pair of lungs; apart from this the strong pectoral fins help them move on land & cover short distance.
Bichir fish is also called as Dinosaur fish, due to their body shape & unique dorsal fins which consists of 7 to 18 smaller fin-lets depending on the type of Bichir. This fish does have ancient characteristics equipped with lungs, gills strong pectoral fins to move on land.
The new born Senegal bichir have external gills & the lungs are developed at a later stage like few other amphibians; these fish prefer breathing surface air & they do it by using the opening on their head called spiracles.
In their natural habitat these fish are nocturnal; as juveniles they feed on small insects, earthworm, crustaceans etc. The fully grown Bichir diet mainly includes fish, amphibians like frogs, & even small birds. The fish you see in the video are Juveniles.
This fish are egg layers, they scatter their eggs & show no parental care. There is no information of them breeding in an aquarium; but they can be captive bred in fish farms.
Male and Female Bichir visual differences is by looking at the tail fin; females are bulkier & have a small cloacal fin; whereas the male has a curved cloacal fin which is used to catch eggs & fertilize them.
How to care for Bichir in an aquarium?
As juveniles you can keep them in planted aquarium as small as 20 gallon; this fish prefer darker substrate; as they grow you can choose between bare bottom aquarium with driftwood & plants like anubias & java fern tied to it or tank bottom with fine dark sand. Fully grown will require at least 75 gallon aquarium.
Best tank mates for Senegal Bichir fish?
I have seen them been kept with certain types of catfish, arowana, eels etc; I have not kept them with any of these, as I think its too risky, I have experienced them biting off fins of larger fish even as juveniles. So, best thing would be Bichir with other Bichirs. They do chase each other from their favorite spot but never seriously damaging each other.
What to feed Bichirs?
These are carnivorous fish; I feed them protein based pellets as staple food, frozen & live food every 2 or 3 days. You can feed them crickets, roaches, earthworms, blood worms, meal worms etc.
Water parameters for bichirs?
Water parameters
Temperature range - 75 to 82°F (24 to 28°C)
pH range - 6.2 – 7.8
Water hardness - soft to hard water (under
180 ppm)
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carnivorous fish pets Senegal Bichir Fish Care & Tank Set up Guide (Polypterus) | |
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